Top 10 Chinese Herbal Medicines
Chinese herbal pharmacies abound with medical treasures that have been perfected by trial and error over centuries of daily use. The following medicines are among the oldest and most popular in the annals of Chinese medicine. They are as useful and timely now as they have ever been. Adopting these medicines into the Westerns medical culture can improve overall health care. I have chosen these particular formulas from thousands of formulas for several reasons. They are safe for everyone and will not cause harm if mis-prescribed. They easily outperform their pharmaceutical counterparts. Their effects are reliable and easily noticed within a relatively short time. When they are incorporated into the Western culture, they will save or improve many lives. Remember that 200,000 people die in the United States each year from non-prescribed, over-the-counter medicines.
Other Names: Yin Qiao, Honeysuckle and Forsythia Clean Toxin Pill
Many say that yin chiao is the long sought cure for the common cold. It is 100% herbal, 100% safe, and one of nature's great gifts. Although it has been used successfully for hundreds of years, the Western world is just now catching on. The popular cold remedy, Airborne ® is based on the principle herbs in yin chiao. Airborne ® is essentially yin chiao made fizzy with a little zinc and some extraneous vitamins added. When Oprah Winfrey discovered that it worked, everyone took notice. Hopefully, someday she will try the original formula. It works even better. This formula is used for conditions such as common cold, influenza, upper respiratory infection, measles, swollen glands, and sore throat.
Traditional Uses
Used at the first sign or during the first two days of cold or flu, when exposed, or likely to be exposed to cold or flu.
Formula Function in Chinese Medicine Terms
Disperses wind heat, clears heat, relieves toxicity
Source
This formula was first published in the Wen Bing Tao Bian (Systematic Differentiation of Warm Diseases) by Dr. Wu Ju Tong in the year 1798. At the time of its publication this combination had already been in use for hundreds of years.
Serving
This formula is taken as a tablet or powder rather than as a boiled decoction in order to preserve the chemical integrity of the principle herbs. This formula is considered safe for pregnancy.
Adults: At the first sign of cold or flu: Take 3-5 grams immediately (usually 6-8 pills, depending on the brand of yin chiao used), then take 2-3 grams every four hours for the rest of the day. For prevention: Take 2 grams (3-4 tablets) every four hours when exposed to cold or flu.
Children: Use 700 mgs (usually 1 tablet) for each 25 lbs. of body weight. Crush and mix with food.
Course of Use
The course of treatment is a minimum of one day and a maximum of one week per episode. Bed rest during the hours of administration, if possible, is a plus.
Suggestions
Keep a dozen tablets in your car, purse, or pocket during cold and flu season. Take promptly when you feel a cold coming on. Begin taking tablets a half hour before entering airports, airplanes, terminals, or crowded public facilities.
Ingredients and Functions
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Balloon flower (jie geng or platycodi grandiflori radix) Chinese medicine functions: transforms cold phlegm, circulates lung energy, benefits the throat, directs the action of other herbs upwards
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Crested grass (dan zhu ye or lophatheri gracilis) Chinese medicine functions: releases the exterior, disperses wind heat, lessens irritability, relieves thirst
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Chinese licorice root (gan cao or glycyrrhiza uranelsis radix) Chinese medicine functions: tonifies the spleen, benefits the qi, detoxifies fire poisons, moderates and harmonizes other herbs.
Notes
Although yin chiao is considered a wind heat formula, it is traditionally used and effective for both wind heat and wind cold patterns. More reliable than other formulas used for wind cold maladies, yin chiao is suitable for patients who present with dryness due to deficiency of blood or yin due to the mild and non-drying nature of the herbs used in this formula. The formula is generally considered safe during pregnancy or nursing.
Other Names: Free & Easy, Relaxed Wanderer, Rambling Powder, Xiao Yao San
Several of my teachers believed that this formula was one of the greatest gifts that Chinese medicine has bestowed upon the West. The formula addresses problems created by stress, so prevalent in the Western lifestyle. This condition results in modern medical diagnosis of depression, anxiety, and several kinds of psychosis as well as many physical ailments that are baffling to modern medicine.
Hsiao yao san was first published in the Imperial Grace Formulary of the Tai Ping era (1078-1085 AD). It is commonly used to relieve depression and the constraining effects of stress on the body. Though this formula usually takes weeks or months of regular use to begin working, some people can feel its effects within days.
Traditional Use
When under stress, qi (energy) tightens in your chest. This protective reaction is triggered by current or remembered events. Xiao Yao Wan reduces feelings of stress by helping to release tension in the chest. Based on a 900-year-old formula, it uses natural substances to relieve chest constraint and to promote the free flow of qi in the chest.
The chief combination is bupleurum (chai hu) and a small amount of mint; which powerfully spread the qi of the chest (liver qi). This relieves emotional constraint and often depression and pre-menstrual syndrome. It also helps increase the nourishing and cleansing flows of qi and blood to the breasts, as well as to the upper and middle organs
Other herbs in the formula, such as dang gui and white peony (bai shao), build deficient liver blood, a condition which commonly contributes to stuck qi. The rest of the formula (licorice, ginger, atractylodes) aids digestion and increase formula absorption.
Popular variations include jia wei xiao yao wan, which adds herbs to clear heat in the heart, a condition which often results from stagnation of qi in the chest; and long gu muli xiao yao wan, which adds calcium rich fossil bone and oyster shell to settle the spirit.
This formula can also be used together with other herbs or formulas when stress is an aggravating factor such as stress induced headache, stress related digestive ills, pain below the ribs, allergies, hypertension or any other condition made worse by stress. The formula is generally considered safe during pregnancy or nursing.
Formula Functions in Chinese Medicine Terms
Spreads Liver Qi. Builds Liver Blood
Source
Imperial Grace Formulary of the Tai Ping Era (1078-85)
Serving
Originally prescribed as a powder, this formula can also be taken as a pill or boiled decoction. Alcohol extracts (tinctures), however, are not recommended due to the irritating effect of alcohol on the liver. Taken as a pill or powder the dose is 3-6 grams per day (about 1/9 to 1/5 ounce). Taken as a boiled decoction, the dose is 15-30 grams per day (about ½ to 1 ounce per day). Normally the amount of herbs needed for a boiled “tea” (extracted from dried herbs), is five times as much as in powder or pill form.
Course of Use
One week at minimum. This formula is considered safe for daily regular use as well as for pregnancy. Some women use this formula during the later part of their menstrual cycle, from ovulation until the onset of menses to prevent or relieve PMS.
Suggestions
Most effective when used together with a program of physical activity to relieve stress and constraint in the upper body.
Ingredients and Functions
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Hoelin (poria cocos sclerotum or fu ling); Chinese medicine functions: quiets the heart, calms the spirit, harmonizes the middle, strengthens spleen
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White atractylodis (atractylodis or Rx - bai zhu); benefits the qi, stabilizes the exterior, strengthens the spleen, dries dampness
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Chinese licorice root (glycyrrhizae or Rx - gan cao); Chinese medicine functions: harmonizes other herbs, clears heat, detoxifies fire poison, benefits the qi
Notes
The effectiveness of the formula can be heightened by increasing the proportion of bupleurum (chai hu) in the formula. This is the principle herb for activating the qi of the chest. One can also add herbs that have a similar function such as mimosa bark or flowers (he huan pi or he huan hua).
Eight Treasures, Women's Precious Pills
Ba zhen wan is used for menstrual good health and to benefit the body's nourishing flows of blood (nourishment) and qi (energy). When blood and qi are weak, the body goes hungry regardless of diet. Woman's Precious Pill is used as a daily supplement to boost and maintain blood and qi. Though this pill can be used by both men and women, it is most often used by women to supplement regular blood loss due to menstruation. It is especially useful for women who eat little or no red meat. This formula is considered okay to take throughout pregnancy and nursing. It is often used cases of infertility, where blood deficiency is a contributing factor. It is appropriate in all cases of anemia. We find that it works a lot better than iron supplements for this purpose.
Traditional Uses
Treating blood and qi deficiency caused by spleen deficiency.
Functions in Chinese Medicine Terms
Strengthens the blood, qi, and spleen.
Source
Ba zhen wan was first published in the Zheng Ti Lei Yao (Catalogued Essentials for Correcting the Body) by Dr. Bi Lai Zhai in the year 1529.
Serving
Taken as a pill or powder, 3-6 grams are recommended daily for health maintenance. Relieving symptoms can require up to 10 grams daily. Ideally, these are taken in three doses, preferably on an empty stomach. It may be easier to take it twice a day, half in the morning and half in the evening. For boiled decoctions use five times as much.
Course of Use
The course of use is a minimum of one month and a maximum of eleven months per year. We recommend occasionally resting from all long term formulas. Women’s Precious can be taken with Free and Easy Pills to help ease post-partum depression.
Suggestions
Like most strengthening-oriented Chinese herbal tonics, discontinue use during cold and flu.
Ingredients and Functions
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Dang gui (tang kwei, dong guay or angelica sinensis radix, Chinese angelica root); Chinese medicine functions: strengthens blood, invigorates blood, harmonizes blood, regulates menses
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Chinese foxglove root (shu di huang or rehmannia glutinosa); Chinese medicine functions: tonifies the blood, tonifies the heart, liver, and kidneys
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Fu ling (China-root, poria cocos, sclerotium of tuckahoe, hoelen fungus); Chinese medicine functions: leeches out dampness, strengthens digestion, harmonizes the middle burner, calms the spirit, improves the performance of other tonifying herbs
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Chinese licorice root baked with honey (zhi gan cao or glycyrrhiza uranelsis radix); Chinese medicine functions: tonifies the spleen, benefits the qi, detoxifies fire poisons, moderates and harmonizes other herbs, improves the performance of other tonifying herbs
Notes
The herb angelica sinensis, (dang gui) should not be administered as a single herb. It is always combined with other herbs. The blend used in Woman's Precious Pill is the most widely used of these combinations. It brings out the best qualities of the herb while eliminating any unwanted effects. Though this formula is used as a daily supplement to maintain good health, it is also used to treat symptoms related to deficiencies such as: Fatigue, weakness, menstrual irregularities, tired limbs, pallor, pale tongue, infertility, shortness of breath or palpitations, lightheadedness, reduced appetite.
Most modern versions of this formula, uses dang shen (codonopsis) instead of ren shen (ginseng), making it more cost effective, more tonifying to the spleen, thus helping to better assimilate the four blood tonic herbs.
Stomach Curing Pills, Po Chai Pills, Ko Ning Wan, Cu'Ling Pills
Not a traditional formula, this patent medicine evolved from bao he wan (preserve harmony pill) which first appeared in The Teachings of Zhu by Zhu Zheng Heng, 1481. This herbal wonder relieves nausea and/or headache due to, stomach "flu", over eating, hangover, unfamiliar diet, motion sickness, morning sickness, simple indigestion, etc. Curing pills are a fixture in every Chinese medicine cabinet, and a must for world travelers.
Traditional Uses
Nausea, vomiting, mild food poisoning, hangover, indigestion, stomach flu, belching.
Formula Function in Chinese Medicine Terms
Reduces food stagnation, sends rebellious stomach qi downwards, clears heat, dries dampness.
Source
Preserve Harmony Pill (bao he wan). Teachings of Zhu Dan Xi (1481 AD).
Serving
Best taken as a pill or powder to avoid drinking a large amount of liquid when nauseous. Taken as a pill or powder, 3-6 grams as needed. It usually works within twenty minutes.
Ingredients
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Angelica root (Bai zhi or angelica dahurica); Chinese medicine functions: expels wind, releases surface, alleviates pain, reduces swelling, expels dampness and alleviates discharge
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Mint leaf (bo he, mentha folium); Chinese medicine functions: frees constrained qi, clears the head and eyes, disperses wind heat
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Citrus peel (chen pi or citri rubrum exocarpium) Chinese medicine functions: moves the qi, strengthens spleen, dries dampness, directs the qi downward, prevents stagnation
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Ornamental orchid (tian ma or gastrodia rhiz); Chinese medicine functions: pacifies the liver, extinguishes wind, alleviates pain, disperses painful obstruction
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Hoelen mushroom (fu ling or poria cocos); Chinese medicine functions: quiets the heart, calms the spirit, harmonizes the middle, strengthens stomach/spleen
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Job’s tears (yi yi ren or coicis semen); Chinese medicine functions: leaches our dampness, strengthens stomach/spleen, clears damp heat, reduces diarrhea
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Magnolia bark (hou po or magnolia cortex); Chinese medicine functions: moves the qi, transforms dampness, resolves stagnation, directs rebellious, qi downward
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Patchouli (huo xiang or agastache pogostemi); Chinese medicine functions: transforms dampness, releases the exterior, harmonizes the center, expels dampness
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White atractylodis (bai zhu or atractylodis); Chinese medicine functions: benefits the qi, stabilizes the exterior, strengthens the spleen, dries dampness
Notes
This formula is meant to relieve symptoms and is for acute short term use. Prolonged use is not recommended and could harm digestion.
Rehmannia (shu di huang) is also known as Chinese foxglove root. It is an amazing herb, unequalled in ability to strengthen the blood and yin of the liver and kidney. Like most Chinese medicine herbs, it is always used in formula and very rarely alone. These are variations of the famous kidney yin tonic liu wei di huang also known as Rehmannia Six Combination. This formula is renowned for its ability to strengthen the yin of the entire body. Think of the yin as the fluids of the body. These fluids nourish, lubricate, and cool. Yin deficiencies often result in weakness, inflammation, friction, and heat. Severe forms of yin deficiency can include many chronic conditions including chronic fatigue, chronic pain, night sweats, and chronic inflammatory conditions.
Traditional Uses
Treatment of adult onset diabetes, chronic fatigue, impotence, frequent urination, weakness in the lower back and knees, chronic scratchy throat or persistent flu-like symptoms, insomnia, chronic mild toothache, dry skin, cataracts, and other clinical conditions.
Formula Functions in Chinese Medicine Terms
Although various versions have different applications, combinations strengthen the yin and blood of the liver and kidney.
Source
Jin gui shen qi wan, known above as Golden Book Pill, first published in Essentials from the Golden Cabinet between 150 - 219 AD.
Serving
Take more to overcome symptoms. Take less for daily maintenance. Taken as a pill or powder the dose is 3-6 grams per day (about 1/9 to 1/5 ounce)
Taken as a boiled decoction, the dose is 15-30 grams per day (about ½ to 1 ounce per day.
Course of Use
One week at minimum. This formula is considered safe for daily regular use as well as for pregnancy.
Suggestions
Some versions of this formula are considered a bit hard to digest. If you have problems digesting any of the rehmannia combinations, try taking them with food, hawthorne berries, or ginger tea.
Ingredients and Functions
The base formula is liu wei (six ingredients). The two variations contain the six herbs used in liu wei, however zhi bai di huang adds zhi mu and huang bai in order to clear deficiency heat which is common in yin deficient individuals. Signs of deficiency heat, include afternoon fever, night sweats, hot flashes, heat in soles of feet or palms, insomnia, restlessness and other symptoms. People who generally feel warm and tired use this version. It is best avoided by people who feel cold and/ or have trouble digesting it.
Golden Book Pill (Treasure from the Golden Cabinet) adds rou gui (cinnamon bark) and fu zi (processed aconite root) to liu wei di huang wan to make gui fu di huang wan. The names of many Chinese herbal formulas are formed this way - by combining the names of their principal ingredients. This variation warms the original formula, making it appropriate for kidney yang deficiency with cold presentations, as well as for people with spleen deficiency (weak digestion) who are unable to digest other variations of R6. People who generally feel cold and tired use Golden Book Pills.
Notes
Although Rehmannia Six is the primary formula used to strengthen the yin, not a single herb in the formula is classified as a yin tonic. The formula consists of herbs that build blood, build qi, astringe essence, clear heat, and move water. Yet the total effect of the formula, its synergy, is to tonify the yin.
These two are the most tried and true formulas for simple spleen deficiency (weak digestion). Spleen deficiency can manifest with symptoms of both weak qi and weak blood. This can include poor enzyme production, slow digestion, loose or erratic stools, bloating, anemia, fatigue or lethargy.
The “spleen” in Chinese medicine is very different than the organ you know as your spleen. The Chinese medicine spleen is actually more like your pancreas. It’s kind of the brain of your digestive system. It influences the function of all the digestive organs. Spleen qi deficiency can underlie many digestive problems including diseases of the pancreas, esophagus, large and small intestine.
Traditional Uses
Persistent diarrhea, loose or erratic stool, fatigue, lethargy, muscle weakness, shortness of breath, abdominal bloating, excessive flatulence, borborygmus (stomach growling), low appetite, pale complexion, and weak voice.
Formula Functions in Chinese Medicine Terms
Strengthens the spleen and regulates (moves) the spleen qi.
Source
Imperial Grace Formulary of the Tai Ping Era (1078-85).
Serving
Take more to overcome symptoms, less for daily maintenance. Taken as a pill or powder the dose is 3-6 grams per day (about 1/9 to 1/5 ounce). Taken as a boiled decoction, the dose is 15-30 grams per day (about ½ to 1 ounce per day.
Course of Use
One week or longer. This formula is generally considered safe for regular use as well as for pregnancy, however over use can cause dry mouth, thirst, or constipation.
Suggestions
The version known as Four Gentlemen is considered a base formula, and is almost always enhanced with other herbs. Six Gentlemen is preferable for most people.
Ingredients and Functions
The Four Gentlemen are:
1) Chinese sage root (dang shen or codonopsis radix) - 2 parts
2) Hoelen mushroom (fu ling or poria cocos) - 2 parts
3) Atractylodes root (bai zhu or atractylodes radix) - 2 parts
4) Licorice root baked with honey (zhi gan cao or glycyrrhiza radix) - 1 part
Two herbs are added in the version known as Six Gentlemen.
5) Prepared pinellia rhizome (ban xia)
6) Citrus peel (chen pi)
They make the formula more effective for damp accumulations due to weak spleen or food stagnation. This condition can result is symptoms such as a persistent cough with thin or watery sputum, chronic sinus congestion, runny nose or cough after eating. This formula can be useful for some types of morning sickness.
This modern formula was originally developed for menopausal hypertension, but is often used to treat other menopausal symptoms as well as certain other forms of hypertension.
Traditional Uses
Complaints associated with menopause such as fatigue, low libido, hot flashes, high blood pressure, day or night sweats, and insomnia.
Formula Function in Chinese Medicine Terms
Replenish kidney yang and yin, build blood, and clear deficiency heat.
Source
Traditional Chinese Medical Formulas, Shanghai College of Traditional Medicine, 1975. The name Two Immortals (er xian) comes from 2 of the chief herbs in the formula, xian mao (curculigo) and xian ling pi (epemidi).
Serving
Take more to overcome symptoms, less for daily maintenance. Taken as a pill or powder the dose is 3-6 grams per day (about 1/9 to 1/5 ounce). Taken as a boiled decoction, the dose is 15-30 grams per day (about ½ to 1 ounce per day.
Course of Use
Take as a daily supplement for periods of two weeks or longer. Acceptable for long term use, however use should be discontinued periodically (Rest 1-3 months per year or one week per month). As with many tonic formulas, discontinue use during a cold or flu.
Suggestions
First day results are unusual. Benefits are usually seen after 1 - 5 weeks.
As with most Chinese herbal tonics, Two Immortals Pills should not be taken while ill with cold or flu. Tonics are thought to prolong such illnesses. Wait until the cold or flu has passed before resuming course of treatment.
Ingredients and Functions
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Morinda root (bai ji tan or radix morinda officianalis); Chinese medicine functions: tonifies the kidneys, fortifies the kidneys, fortifies the yang, strengthens the sinews and bones
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Licentious goat wort (yin yang huo or herba epimedi); Chinese medicine functions: stimulates hormone production, tonifies the yin, fortifies the yang, expels dampness
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Anemarrhena (zhi mu or radix anemarrhenae asphodeloidis); Chinese medicine functions: quells fire, nurtures yin, moistens dryness, clears deficiency heat
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Oyster shell (mu li or concha ostreae); Chinese medicine functions: calms the spirit, benefits the yin, restrains rising yang, restrains sweating
Notes
Two Immortals is unusual in that it employs kidney yang strengthening herbs to treat a kidney yin deficiency. This is like treating fire with fire, instead of treating fire with water. Oddly enough, it works. The proportion of ingredients in the Dr. Shen version of this formula is adjusted to further restrain rising heat and astringe sweating in order to better treat the hot flashes and sweats common to women in the West. The formula contains no estrogen or other hormones, and possibly achieves its effect by using yang tonics to help normalize hormone production.
Xanthium Based Allergy Formulas
The common cocklebur fruit is called cang er zi in Chinese. Its botanical name is fructus xanthii, and its use in subduing nasal allergies is well described in Chinese medical literature. The herb is absolutely safe if used in the above products, but can be mildly toxic if consumed raw.
Traditional Uses
For nasal and sinus discomforts caused by allergic rhinitis or allergic sinusitis.
Formula Functions in Chinese Medicine Terms
Expels wind, relieves surface, drains dampness, alleviates pain, opens the channels, releases muscles, circulates qi and blood in the head.
Source
The above three formulas are adapted from the formulae Xanthium Powder and Magnolia Flower Powder, first published in Formulas to Aid the Living by Yan Hong He, 1253 AD.
Serving
Taken as a pill or powder the dose is 3-6 grams per day (about 1/9 to 1/5 ounce). Taken as a boiled decoction, the dose is 15-30 grams per day (about ½ to 1 ounce per day). Some versions of this formula contain liquidambar, which is not recommended for pregnancy in larger amounts. In the context of this formula, however, the small dosage is regarded as safe.
Suggestions
Xanthium based allergy formulas address the symptomatic aspect of disease, known as the Branch. To treat the deeper, causative aspect of the disease, known as the Root, see a qualified practitioner of Chinese Medicine. For year-round or persistent allergies made worse by stress, combine with equal amounts of xiao yao wan (Free & Easy Pills).
Ingredients and Functions
The three formulas contain different variations of the following herbs:
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Xanthium fructus (cabg er zi or cocklebur fruit); Chinese medicine functions: opens the nasal passages, disperses wind, expels dampness, relieves discharge
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Agastache pogostemi (huo xiang or patchouli plant); transforms dampness, releases the exterior, harmonizes the center, expels dampness
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Angelica dahurica (bai zhi or angelica root); Chinese medicine functions: expels wind, releases surface, alleviates pain, reduces swelling, expels dampness and alleviates discharge.
Notes
These formulas contain no Ma Huang or synthesized ephedrine and will not cause drowsiness or agitation. They are for symptomatic relief only to be used as needed. Tablets are most potent when taken on an empty stomach and given at least half an hour to digest alone before food or other supplements are taken. If the user experiences digestive difficulties, tablets should be taken with food.
Formula Dynamics of Dr. Shen’s Sinus Pills
The chief herbs, fr. xanthium (cang er zi) , angelica dahurica (bai zhi) and flos magnolia (xin yi hua) unblock the sinuses and the nasal passages. These herbs are assisted by fr. liquid amber (lu lu tong) which mollifies allergic sensitivity, while chrysanthemum (ju hua) and pueraria (ge gen) pacify uprising heat and release the muscles of the head.
Adjunctive herbs agastache pogostemi (huo xiang) adjusts the disbursement of fluids, and liguisticum wallichi (chuan xiong) is used to circulate qi and blood and as a messenger to direct the formula to the head.
This formula is available as a Dr. Shen product, made in the United States, or as a Chinese import. It is used to relieve insomnia or anxiety caused by Disturbed Shen, which in turn, has been caused by deficiencies of heart blood or heart yin. This may sound esoteric; however, these conditions are very common and account for the majority of insomnia cases.
Traditional Use
For disturbed shen; the word shen means "spirit,” and “disturbed shen” indicates that the spirit is unsettled, agitating the mind and nervous system. Good Sleep is used for a wide range of disturbed-shen conditions including insomnia, anxiety, dream-disturbed sleep, irritability, restlessness, or a rancorous disposition. Some practitioners also use it to treat attention deficit disorder. This formula contains no heavy metal mineral stabilizers such as loadstone, oyster shell, or cinnabar which are used in some other Chinese herbal sleep remedies. This makes Good Sleep & Worry Free Pill safe for long term use and safe for use by pregnant or nursing women.
Source
Twentieth century patent medicine
Serving
In powders or pills, take 3-6 grams daily, plus an extra 3 grams if awake at night. Use five times this quantity for whole herb decoctions.
Course of Use
One week or longer. Results are usually obtained after 3-7 days of regular use.
Suggestions
This formula is not considered to cause drowsiness or impair mental or physical functions; nevertheless, each person's reaction should be assessed before performing hazardous activities such as driving or operating machinery.
Ingredients and Functions
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